A. Temperature, Pressure and Density Related
- omnidirectional (video)
- mostly down due to gravity
- barometer
- mercury vs. aneroid (and another example)
- isobar (U.S. winds) (world)
- altimeter
- anemometer: propeller and cup styles
- wind vane/ weather vane ... decorative ... .... extreme example?
- combined: cup + vane ... ... or a windsock (windsock video)
- windward vs. leeward
A. Pressure Differences = Pressure Gradient
- caused by differences in temperature / density
- air moves from high pressure to low pressure
- greater diff. in pressure = stronger gradient
*Another movie example
- due to rotation of the earth
- deflection to right in northern hemisphere
- faster wind speed = greater deflection
- closer to pole = greater deflection
- spin imparted to the air
- *geostrophic wind
- reduces wind speed which reduces Coriolis
- causes "pinwheel", or spiral, rotation
- cyclonic (north = counterclockwise)
- anticyclonic (north = clockwise)
- multiple storms example
A. Global Pressure ... relationship to global wind patterns
- intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)
- trade winds (steers hurricanes)
- subtropical high
- westerlies
- jet stream: animated map (or this map)
- compare to: current satellite animation
- relationship: pressure, jet stream, storms
- monsoon
- ocean currents
- sea / land breeze (onshore / offshore)
- valley / mountain breeze
- katabatic (gravity) winds
- chinook (föehn) winds
| ATMOSPHERE CHAPTERS -----> | Atmosphere | Energy | Pressure | Oceans | Moisture | Storms |